多伦多的后院除了常见的留鸟外,每年春秋都会接待一些迁徙中的远方来客。每年来的不一定一样,年年拍下来估计能拍到五六十个种类。下面整理一下去年后院拍到的鸟类。
一般来说,雄鸟总是比雌鸟多一些引人注目,或者说引鸟注目的羽毛特征。比如 Northern Flicker (Yellow-shafted, Male),雄鸟比雌鸟多两撇八字胡。男人留胡子是不是从鸟那里学来的呢 ? :O。
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7506.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7701.jpg)
Northern Flicker (Yellow-shafted, Female)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_6907.jpg)
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Male) 雄鸟喉头部分有亮丽的红色山羊胡。
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_9522-2.jpg)
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Female)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_9858-2.jpg)
Northern Cardinal (Male) 的络腮胡子
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3330.jpg)
(2022)
Northern Cardinal (Female)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_0513-3_cFqLaPSnb3XS89e7y9gTNc.jpg)
Northern Cardinal (Juvenile) 没有成熟的小鸟羽毛大多是灰不溜秋,有的带着斑点,易于隐蔽。
Cedar Waxwing (Juvenile)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7902.jpg)
Cedar Waxwing (Adult) (2022)
Ruby-crowned Kinglet,雄鸟头顶上有一撮小红毛,平常盖起来,高兴的时候才露一下给你看看。吸引配偶需要炫耀,躲避天敌需要低调。也许这鸟可以两头兼顾。
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2716.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2712-2.jpg)
Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Male, 2014, Thickson) 。
![](http://i1081.photobucket.com/albums/j341/gkat2011/2014/2014_05_thickson/DSC_2179ps_zpsa8cf6c02.jpg)
Hairy Woodpecker (Male) ,雌鸟没有顶上红毛。
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2873.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2884.jpg)
一般来说雄鸟的羽毛更加艳丽。Scarlet Tanager (Female)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7350.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7349.jpg)
Scarlet Tanager (Male, 2022 from Point Pelee,还没在我家后院见到过 )
亮闪闪的黑色也是雄鸟的特征之一。Cowbird (Male)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3308.jpg)
Cowbird (Female)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3299.jpg)
有的种类雌雄差别比较小,不仔细比较很难注意到。 Red-breasted Nuthatch
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3513.jpg)
(2022)
American Robbin
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2909.jpg)
Dark-eyed Junco
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3428.jpg)
当然也有雌雄同毛色的鸟,比如 Mourning Dove,据说雌雄同毛色的鸟类多半是一生恩恩爱爱滴。这也有一定道理,如果不需要不断的吸引异性,何必浪费更多的能量去打扮呢?据说我们常见到的天鹅,大雁,都是白头到老的典范。
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3271.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3263.jpg)
Couper's Hawk
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D81_6886.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D81_6885.jpg)
Blue Jay
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3498.jpg)
当然不是所有的鸟类都遵循这个准则,特别是小型的鸟类。
Black-capped Chickadee
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3224.jpg)
Chipping Sparrow
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_9272-2.jpg)
Brown Thrasher
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3347.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3350.jpg)
很多小型鸟类冬天会褪去艳丽的色彩,比如春夏季节常见的黄色小鸟,冬天它们就变得跟小麻雀差不多了,也许你都不会注意到。下次拍一张冬天的做个比较。
American Goldfinch (Male, 2022)
American Goldfinch (Female, 2022)
特别是warbler之类的小鸟,秋天迁徙时雄鸟褪去了亮丽的色彩,小鸟还没长大,雌鸟也没有特色,大家都灰不溜秋,很难分辨谁是谁了。所以开始学习辨认warbler时最好在春天,这时候正值繁殖季节,不同的种类的雄鸟都亮出自己别具特色的羽毛,而且还忍不住时时放声高歌,否则小小的鸟藏在树丛里还真不容易吸引到你的目光呢。
Cape May Warbler
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_3874-2.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_3854-2.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_3891-2.jpg)
Pine Warbler
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_3941-2.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_3933-2_bHawvxBqhRPsr2kbEcRwzf.jpg)
还有各种各样跟麻雀很像的小鸟,虽然它们并不是都属于麻雀类。辨认它们还真要费点功夫。
Song Sparrow
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_9818.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2914.jpg)
White-throated Sparrow
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D85_9793.jpg)
Hermit Thrush
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3334.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7874.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3453_ddAQZtFxswH8RwQ3it4o1J.jpg)
Swainson's Thrush
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_7565-2.jpg)
这才是正宗的小麻雀 :p。 House Sparrow (Female)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3343.jpg)
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_3374_vsC6r5dGJnX2dcuhCQmq8y.jpg)
House Sparrow (Male and Female)
拍鸟的同时也会看到一些趣事,哈哈。
![](https://hosting.photobucket.com/images/j341/gkat2011/D50_2971.jpg)